Cavalary: I'd never go for a laptop, can't tinker in it, add parts you already have, readily upgrade or replace pretty much any component, very limited in what you can put in it, like number of drives, no PCI-E slots, limited ports too, may be iffy to hook up your proper monitor to it, and keyboard and mouse and a bunch of other things that may need USB ports at the same time...
And come on, quite a difference in power draw between integrated graphics and a dedicated card.
I mean, if one wants the best efficiency possible without the need of the features you listed, I still think the laptop way is the best way. That said, for me would be unthinkable as my primary computer, since I need a truck load of diferent storage drives and need easy access to them, my main desktop don't even have the side panel.
Regarding the power diference, on stock settings they are way diferent, but the dedicated card can be tuned to match and most cases surpass, the performance of the iGPU in the same power budget.
Xeshra: You mean the weakest dedicated cards available? I had in mind those are made for someone without a integrated GPU... not for gaming. This is not even entry level... just a "APU/IGPU" replacement.
The 3050 is even a "failure"... because
the weakest card starts with 4060 now (the 4050 is now a laptop GPU, so the 50-series is not a dedicated GPU anymore).
Not everyone lives in a PCMasterRace realm, plenty of people are perfectly fine with a entry level card with modern features. Also not everyone plays the latest and greatest videogames. It's fine to aim for the top parts but a RTX 4060/Rx7600 are perfectly fine cards that do what they suposed to do, even if they feel expensive as heck, that's always been the case with entry cards. Same with both versions of the 3050.
What I really don't apreciate is the current trend of selling gimped cards like the Rx6400/6500 wich don't actually do what they suposed to do. Also the current tred of going PCIe 4.0 x8 instead of x16 means that upgrade older perfectly fine systems is a pain. That's why I consider the Rx7600 the best entry level card on the market, as crazy as it sound considering a 250-300€ card entry level.