There are many such discussions around the civfanatics and apolyton forums.
Here's
one.
As for where to start, while the debates in the Civilization community are heated around Civilization V, few can argue that it is certainly the most accessible of the PC titles.
If you have a Nintendo DS, xbox 360 or PS3 however, Civilization: Revolution would be my choice for an introduction to the series. It manages to capture the feel and strategy of the series while boiling it down to it's bare essentials. That games also only take 2-3 hours aids learning as you can experiment more quickly.
The only real drawback to that approach is that CivRev heavily promotes a warmongering strategy, and the pacing can be a little too quick where it's easy to fall behind in the higher difficulties if your attention starts to wander.
However, my personal favorite is Civ IV: Beyond the Sword with the BAT Mod to spice up the graphics and interface. There is a steep learning curve if you go that direction straight away though, so if you make that choice be sure to spend some time at
The Civilization IV War Academy.